Hurricane Sandy closed in on the United States on Saturday as coastal communities along the East Coast scrambled to prepare for torrential rains, high winds, major flooding and power outages a week before the presidential election.
Governors in states in the hurricane's path declared emergencies, announcing mandatory evacuations of vulnerable areas. New York City officials discussed whether to shut the subway system on Sunday in advance of the storm.
Rain accumulations of up to 12 inches and heavy snowfall inland are considered likely in some areas. As it merges with an Arctic jet stream, forecasters said Sandy has all the ingredients to transform into a "super storm" unlike anything seen over the eastern United States in decades.
On its current projected track, Sandy could make U.S. landfall on Monday night or Tuesday morning anywhere between Maryland and southern New England, forecasters said. Some computer models show a likely landfall between Delaware and the New York/New Jersey area.
The hurricane was headed toward densely populated areas with tens of millions of people. Officials urged residents to stock up on food, water and batteries. Worried residents packed stores, buying generators, candles, food and other supplies in anticipation of power outages. Some local governments announced schools would be closed on Monday and Tuesday.
"They're freaking out," said Joe Dautel, a clerk at a hardware store in Glenside, Penn. "I'm selling people four, five, six packs of batteries -- when I had them."
As the threat of a monster storm began to sink in, shoppers crowded hardware stores and supermarkets looking to stock up on emergency supplies. At a Trader Joe's store in Millburn, New Jersey, shelves were stripped bare of bread, bottled water and milk.
Customers at a Home Depot in Willow Grove, a suburb of Philadelphia, were greeted by big hand-written signs saying, "No generators." The store received a shipment of 50 generators on Friday evening and sold them all within minutes of opening on Saturday, said January Introcaso, one of the store managers.
The store also sold out of flashlights and batteries. It was a similar story at other hardware stores in the area, with candles, tarps and rope also in demand.
Sandy also threatened to disrupt air travel in the region.
Story: Sandy could mean travel trouble
"There's no avoiding a significant storm-surge event over a large area. We just can't pinpoint who's going to get the worst of it," National Hurricane Center Director Rick Knabb said.
President Barack Obama on Saturday morning convened a call with Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano, FEMA Administrator Craig Fugate and other officials to ensure federal resources would be ready to aid state and local agencies responding to the expected severe weather. FEMA is prepositioning water, meals, blankets and other resources should they be needed at support bases along the East Coast, the White House said.
Coastal flooding posed a major threat, particularly in low-lying areas like New York City, the global financial nerve center, and Alexandria, Va., across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C.
"This is not a coastal threat alone," Fugate told reporters, warning of the potential for flooding in Maryland and Pennsylvania, as well as more than 2 feet of snow in West Virginia and southwest Pennsylvania. "This is going to go well inland," he added.
Forecasters: Sandy 'one for record books'Subway could close
In New York, authorities were considering closing down the city's buses, subways, commuter railroads, bridges and tunnels as early as 7 p.m. on Sunday, when the last commuter trains would depart, with the entire system to be closed down by 3 a.m. Monday, officials said.
Delaware Governor Jack Markell ordered a mandatory evacuation of an estimated 50,000 people in coastal communities on Saturday. New Jersey's Cape May County ordered an evacuation of its barrier islands, home to some popular beach resorts, by Sunday afternoon.
States of emergency were declared in eight states from North Carolina to Massachusetts, as well as Washington, D.C., NBC reported, as Sandy made its way north after killing 41 people in the Caribbean. U.S. officials urged residents to stock up on food, water and batteries. Evacuations were ordered along some coastal areas, including Atlantic City and its casinos beginning Sunday afternoon.
The National Hurricane Center briefly downgraded Sandy to a tropical storm early Saturday but said the storm regained hurricane-strength winds just a few hours later.
In a public advisory notice issued at 11 p.m. EDT, the National Hurricane Center said Sandy packed hurricane-force winds of 75 mph, up from earlier reported maximum sustained wind speed of 70 mph. High wind warnings were in effect for the Mid-Atlantic states, Southern New England and portions of Southeastern Virginia.
"Hurricane force winds extend outward up to 105 miles from the center... and tropical storm force winds extend outward up to 520 miles," the NHC said.
Sandy was about 360 miles southeast of Charleston, S.C., and was moving northeast at 14 mph, up from 11 mph earlier in the day, the center said.
Travel trouble
Many airlines are posting hurricane-related travel tips online. Some airlines announced fee waivers for customers traveling on certain dates between some airports expected to be affected by the storm.
Customers trying to call airlines to rebook travel by phone Saturday evening were reporting waits of several hours.
Airline hurricane statements:
--Air Canada
--AirTran
--American
--Delta
--Jet Blue
--Southwest
--United
--US Airways
--Virgin America
Don Morelli, a meteorologist with WSI, a sister company of The Weather Channel, said major flight delays and airport closings starting Saturday evening and lasting through Tuesday were likely.
"The criteria for closing an airport is around 58, 60 miles an hour, which is easily going to be reached for much of the major hubs from D.C. northward to New York City and even into Logan [in Boston]," Morelli said. "Major delays [are] going to be very, very widespread right through mid-week, so [it?s] not a good week to be traveling across the Northeastern U.S."
Election issues
Coming in the hectic run-up to the U.S. presidential election on November 6, the storm presented a challenge to the campaigns of Obama and his Republican challenger, Mitt Romney.
Obama is canceling campaign stops in Virginia and Colorado early next week because of the hurricane and will instead monitor the storm from the White House, his spokesman said on Saturday. Vice President Joe Biden canceled a Saturday trip to Virginia Beach.
Romney was rescheduling all of his campaign events planned for Virginia on Sunday and flying to Ohio instead.
Sandy is set to deliver potential election surprisePower outages caused by the storm could continue through the election, NBC meteorologist Bill Karins warned.
"After the storm hits, expect the clean-up and power outage restoration to continue right up through Election Day," Karins said. "Serious and life-threatening weather conditions are expected from Outer Banks to New England."
Share your images of Hurricane Sandy preparations Video: Carolinas, East Coast on watch for Hurricane SandyStorm surge: The NHC said that the combination of "a dangerous storm surge and the tide will cause normally dry areas near the coast to be flooded by rising waters."
The water could reach the following depths above ground if the peak surge occurs at the time of high tide, the NHC warned:
- North Carolina: up to 5 feet;
- Chesapeake Bay: 1 to 2 feet;
- Ocean City, Md.: 4 to 8 feet;
- Long Island Sound: 4 to 8 feet.
Karins said he expected coastal flooding would ultimately affect northern New Jersey, New York City, Long Island and southern New England.
Hurricane Specialist Carl Parker, appearing on The Weather Channel, said, "We?re really concerned about the water level rise. ... This storm is going to be blowing water over a huge area ? hundreds of miles ? and that?s why it?s going to really pile up the water, and why the surge could be devastating when it finally comes on shore."
High winds: Tropical storm conditions are expected to first reach parts of the Carolinas by Saturday evening and spread northward during the night and Sunday, the NHC said. Gale-force winds are expected to arrive along portions of the mid-Atlantic Coast by late Sunday and reach Long Island and Southern New England by Monday morning. Winds near hurricane force could reach Mid-Atlantic states and Long Island by late Monday.
Karins said he expected high winds would knock out power for millions of people from Virginia to central New England, with significant damage to trees.
Slideshow: Sandy sets sights on East Coast (on this page)Heavy snow: Parts of West Virginia and the Appalachian corridor could see more than a foot and possibly up two feet, Louis Uccellini, director of the National Centers for Environmental Protection, told reporters Friday.
Rainfall: "Rainfall amounts of 4 to 8 inches are expected over portions of the central mid-Atlantic states...including the Delmarva Peninsula...with isolated maximum amounts of 12 inches possible," the NHC notice warned.
Although Sandy is not forecast to be as strong as other recent storms to hit the Northeast -- such as Hurricane Irene in August 2011, which left $4 billion in damage -- it holds the potential to cause significant damage because it will be moving slowly.
Some experts predict at least $1 billion in damage in the United States.
BreakingNews.com's coverage of Sandy
Tips on preparing for Sandy
"It's almost a weeklong, five-day, six-day event," Jim Cisco, a forecaster at the National Weather Service's prediction office, told NBC News Friday. "It's going to be a widespread serious storm."
Preparations under way
The town of Islip, New York, ordered the evacuation of all communities on Fire Island Saturday, saying people should leave by no later than 2 p.m. ET Sunday. A state of emergency was also declared.
A voluntary evacuation order was issued Friday afternoon for Cape May County, N.J.. The county emergency office said it was expected to become a mandatory order for the county's barrier islands Sunday, NBCNewYork.com reported. Long Beach Island, N.J., issued a similar voluntary order.
New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg said no evacuations were ordered in the city yet, but officials prepared for the storm's onslaught.
Six hospitals and 41 chronic care facilities in flood-prone areas discharged patients who could be moved to make room for people possibly needing relief. Sixty-five shelters in schools will open Sunday, Bloomberg said. Parks will close Sunday afternoon.
In New Jersey, officials told NBCNewYork.com that shelters will be set up in 18 counties to accommodate roughly 12,000 people and, if needed, the state will mobilize five shelters to house another 5,000 people.
In Connecticut, Gov. Dannel Malloy said 400 National Guard members will be on standby to help with recovery efforts. Malloy warned residents should prepared for extended power outages and severe flooding.
In Virginia, fishermen tied down their boats and merchants began boarding up windows Saturday. Chincoteague officials advised residents who live in low-lying areas to seek shelter ahead of a tidal surge late Sunday.
NBC News' Ian Johnston, Miguel Llanos, Andrew Mach and Jim Gold, The Associated Press and Reuters contributed to this report.
Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/49577692/ns/weather/
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